Buildings
See how many buildings are mapped in every city and regency since 2015, how much ground they cover, and where they are sparsest.
Sources: OpenStreetMap (Geofabrik)
Buildings mapped in Indonesia per year
Download data
The count and footprint are in the table. Each building's outline (GeoJSON and Shapefile) is downloaded for one year and one city, district, or village.
Download building outlines
GeoJSON and Shapefile are the OpenStreetMap building outlines for one year and one city, district, or village. A province and the whole country are not offered.
Building outlines (OSM)
Choose a year and a city. The file holds each building's outline, not the count.
Choose a city or regency to download the outlines.
API
Responses use JSON and include stored data with its sources. Outside this site, the API needs an API key; downloads stay free. Credit the source and its licence.
Send your key in the X-API-Key header when accessing the API from an app or script.
GET /api/buildings?kelompok=rumah&area=32&tahun=2026Building count and footprint per city/regency and year since 2015 for each group, with each area's land size. kelompok: semua, rumah, usaha, fasilitas, lain. area: a province or city/regency code. tahun: one counted year. Without parameters, every group, area and year. Buildings mapped in OpenStreetMap on 1 January, not buildings constructed that year.
GET /api/export/bangunan?format=shp&kelompok=rumah&area=32.73.01.1001&tahun=2026OpenStreetMap building outlines for one year and one city, district, or village. format: geojson or shp. area is required and must not be a province code. tahun: 1 January of that year.
Methodology
Data coverage
Building outlines and their type from OpenStreetMap's copy of Indonesia on 1 January of each year since 2015.
Processing
- Building types are grouped: homes, businesses (shops, offices, factories, warehouses, hotels), facilities (schools, hospitals, government offices, stations, places of worship), and other. Other includes buildings tagged only “yes”, plus garages and small sheds.
- All buildings are those four groups. A building drawn only as a point, tagged “no”, or tagged as an entrance is not counted.
- Footprint is measured on the earth's surface from the outline, with holes taken out. One building is counted whole in the village that contains its centre. City and regency figures are the sum of their villages. An outline larger than 1 km² is not counted: the 2022 copy contains one building=yes ring of about 127,000 km² covering Java, and that is not a building.
- Buildings per km² is the count divided by the area's land area according to BIG. Hectares are the ground area drawn on the map, not the floor area of upper storeys.
- A year whose copy we have not counted yet is shown as no data, not zero.
- GeoJSON and shapefile downloads are each building's outline for one year and one city, district, or village. A province and the whole country are not offered.
- The live map draws each building's outline wherever the map is open, from zoom 10. Further out, buildings become squares shaded by how many buildings are there.
Limitations
- These are buildings that have been mapped, not all buildings that exist. A building enters OpenStreetMap when someone draws it, not when it is built.
- The national count rose from 1.9 million buildings in 2015 (about 39,000 ha of footprint) to 42.5 million in 2026 (about 469,000 ha). Until 2019 most of the rise came from existing buildings being mapped. Since 2024 it has grown by under 3% a year, so recent change is closer to newly drawn buildings, but can still be mapping.
- Change per city or regency can be negative. It is a difference in the mapped count, not a count of demolished buildings: a building may be deleted, retagged, or its centre may move into another area.
- Every building type comes from the building tag mappers set in OpenStreetMap, not from government or Google data. For example house and apartments become homes; commercial, retail and office become businesses; school, hospital, mosque and government become facilities.
- Most buildings in Indonesia are tagged only “yes”, with no type: on 1 January 2026, 97% of 42.5 million buildings fall under other. So the home, business and facility groups are far smaller than what is on the ground, and they are not suited to comparing facilities between areas.
- A building whose outline is also part of another building can be counted twice. Height and the number of storeys are not counted.
Sources and licenses
Licence & usage
© OpenStreetMap contributors, licensed under ODbL 1.0. Shared derived data must stay under ODbL and credit OpenStreetMap.