Foto: Ivuvisual / Wikimedia Commons · CC BY 4.0Indonesia's air is improving. The national ISPU fell from 110 on October 15 to 87 on October 19, back to Moderate. Still, 103 of 514 cities and regencies remain Unhealthy or worse.
PM2.5 / ISPU · 10 DAYS
From 110 to 87
National average
ISPU 87
Two things changed at the same time
Hotspots detected by the NOAA-20 satellite in Indonesia fell from 12,522 on October 14 to 4,648 on October 16, the lowest of these ten days. Fewer hotspots generally means less new smoke.
Rain increased as well. Mean daily rain across 514 cities and regencies rose from 3.5 mm on 13–October 14 to 4.9 mm on 17–October 18. In the smoky regions the rise is clear:
| Province | PM2.5 (µg/m³), October 15 → October 19 | Rain per day (mm) |
|---|---|---|
| Kalimantan Tengah | 348 → 182 | 1.4 → 2.9 |
| Riau | 92 → 48 | 3.2 → 11.1 |
| Sumatera Barat | 115 → 51 | 5.9 → 9.1 |
| Kalimantan Selatan | 90 → 100 | 0.4 → 1.0 |
The data shows both happening alongside the improvement, but cannot tell which mattered most. Wind and other changes can play a part too. Not every region improved: mean PM2.5 in Kalimantan Selatan rose from 90 to 100 µg/m³.
Not over yet
On October 18, hotspots rose again to 11,264. Palangkaraya, the capital of Central Kalimantan, is still Hazardous at ISPU 309 (PM2.5 261 µg/m³), down from PM2.5 1,214 µg/m³ on October 15. The ISPU scale stops at 500.
Recommended activities
Check your city's ISPU before going out, then follow the advice for its level:
- Good (0–50): Very good for outdoor activity.
- Moderate (51–100): Outdoor activity is still fine. Sensitive groups: cut back on long or strenuous physical activity.
- Unhealthy (101–200): Reduce long physical activity outdoors.
- Very unhealthy (201–300): Avoid long physical activity outdoors; consider moving activities indoors.
- Hazardous (di atas 300): Avoid all outdoor activity.
Advice from Indonesian Environment Ministry Regulation No. 14/2020.
Method
PM2.5 estimates come from the CAMS model via Open-Meteo at the centres of 514 cities and regencies; each day is the mean of 25 hourly values ending 07:00 WIB, converted to ISPU. Hotspots are counted from one satellite (NOAA-20, NASA FIRMS) per WIB day, only inside Indonesian cities and regencies; a hotspot is a heat signal, not a confirmed fire. Rain is the daily total from the Open-Meteo weather model at the same points, not rain-gauge measurements. All figures are estimates, kept as dated copies. ISPU copy · timeline · hotspots · rain